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[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Theatre | Coloniae (Τεάνον Σιδικινόν/ Teánon Sidikinón). City of the Oscan Sidicini in the north of Campania on the v ia Latina (Str. 5,3,9; Plin. HN 3,63), modern Teano. Little Oscan evidence (necropolis, coins). The city came into being towards the end of the 4th cent. BC and - affected by the Samnite Wars (Samnites IV.) (Liv. 8,1,8-10; 23,5,8) - remained loyal to Rome in the second of the Punic Wars and in the Social War (Social Wars [3]) (Sil. 12,524). Under Augustus the municipium received a colonia (Plin. HN 3…

[German version] (Νῆσις/ Nêsis). Volcanic island with Roman villas (e.g. the villa of Licinius [I 26] Lucullus; [2. 886]) in the Gulf of Kyme (Cic. Att. 16,1,1; cf. Nilus Doxopatrius, Notitia Episcopatuum 8,115; 9,43 with reference to a law of Constantine from 314/5 [1. 183, 200118]), present-day Nisida (also Nisita). Descriptive features: pleasant climate, forests (Stat. Silv. 3,1,148), asparagus cultivation (Plin. HN 19,146), sulphur vapours (Sen. Ep. 53,1; Lucan. 6,90; Stat. Silv. 2,2,78). In the northeast there are two breakwaters from Antiquity. Gulletta, Maria Ida (P…

[German version] (Plistia, Πλειστική/ Pleistikḗ). City in Samnium (Samnites) near Saticula (Liv. 9,21f.; Diod. Sic. 19,72,3), possibly at modern Prestia c. 4 km to the east of Sant' Agata dei Goti on Mons Taburnus. In the second of the Samnite Wars (326-304 BC) the city, which was allied with Rome, was conquered by the Samnites in 315 BC after a year-long siege. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa)

[German version] Fortified city of the Marsi [1], not located, conquered, like the two neighbouring - also unlocated - cities of Milionia and Fresilia, in 302 BC by the Roman dictator M. Valerius Maximus (according to Liv. 10,3,5; less likely by his father M. Valerius Corvus, as the Acta Triumphalia CIL I2 p. 171 write for 301 BC, however) after a victory over the Marsi and set free again after the conclusion of a treaty. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa)

[German version] Statio on the Via Minucia, later the Via Traiana, in Apulia (Hor. Sat. 1,5,94; Plin. HN 3,105: Rubustini; It. Ant. 116,4;  It. Burd. 610,1: civitas Rubos; Tab. Peut. 6,4; Geogr. Rav. 282,11), modern Ruvo di Puglia. In the 3rd century BC it issued its own coins (silver and bronze coins HN 48: Ῥυψ/ Rhyps, Ῥυβα/ Rhyba, Ῥυβαστεινων/ Rhybasteinōn). In addition to  Greek and Messapic [1] inscriptions there are numerous Latin ones, revealing the organisation of the  civitas in the 1st century BC [2]; in the Roman Imperial Period R. was a municipium (cf. CIL IX 312). As yet th…

[German version] (Μαρούιον; Maroúion). Vicus, later municipium, in Central Italy on the lacus Fucinus with a harbour settlement on the Aternus, modern S. Benedetto dei Marsi. Inhabited by Sabellian Marrubii or Marsi [2. 76], it was, from the 2nd cent. BC, dominant among its surrounding settlements (Str. 5,4,2; Sil. Pun. 8,510), and wealthy (Plin. HN 3,106). Various etymologies are cited for the place name [8]: the sea (Serv. Aen. 7,750), an eponymous commander (Cato in Prisc. 2,487,10; Serv. Aen. 7,75…

[German version] People in central Italy, neighbours of the Samnites and the Campani, probably of Oscan origin (Str. 5,3,9; coin finds [4]). Encroachments on the S. by the Samnites in 343 BC resulted in the first Samnite War (Liv. 7,29,4-6; [3. 540]). In the Latin War (Latini) the S. joined a coalition against Rome (Liv. 8,5,3; coins [4]). Hannibal [4] passed through their territory in 211 BC on his march from Capua to Rome (Liv. 26,9,2). Teanum Sidicinum, the capital of the S., minted its own coins until the 3rd cent. BC [1. 169 f., 211 f.], although the ager Sidicinus was already within …

[German version] (modern Alento). River in Lucania, at whose mouth lay the gradually silting up anchorage of Elea (Str. 6,1,1; Cic. Att. 16,7,5; [2]), probably named for a native deity [1]. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa) Bibliography 1 L. Ronconi, La ninfa Hyele, in: Atti e Memorie dell'Accademia Patavina 95, 1982/3, 65-72 2 G. Schmiedt, Contributo alla recostruzione della situazione geotopografica di Velia nell'antichità, in: PdP 25, 1970, 65-92. D. Musti, Le fonti per la storia di Velia, in: PdP 21, 1966, 318-335, esp. 321.

[German version] (Πιθηκοῦσσαι/ Pithēkoûssai, Lat. Pithecusa, Pithecusae). Volcanic island off the coast of Campania, first mentioned in Pherecydes FGrH 3 F 54 (Πιθηκοῦσσα/ Pithēkoûssa; early 5th cent. BC.), modern Ischia. Not named after the apes (πίθηκος/ píthēkos, 'ape') who allegedly lived there, but after the art of pottery practiced on the island (πίθος/ píthos, 'wine cask'), as Plin. HN 3,82 makes clear. Inarime, as P. was also called, can be traced to a misinterpretation of a Homeric passage: Typhoeus, who had his camp “among the Arimoi” (εἰν Ἀρίμοις/ ein Arímois) in Cilicia…

[German version] Forest in Campania, which was leased as pasture by the censores (Cic. Leg. agr. 1,3; 3,15). It is not identified; there may be a connection with Aquae Scantiae (Plin. HN 2,240). Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa)

[English version] (Νῆσις). Vulkanische Insel mit röm. Villen (z.B. der villa des Licinius [I 26] Lucullus; [2. 886]) im Golf von Kyme (Cic. Att. 16,1,1; vgl. Nilus Doxopatrius, Notitia Episcopatuum 8,115; 9,43 unter Bezug auf ein Gesetz des Constantinus von 314/5 [1. 183, 200118]), h. Nisida (auch Nisita). Charakteristika: angenehmes Klima, Wälder (Stat. silv. 3,1,148), Spargelanbau (Plin. nat. 19,146), Schwefeldämpfe (Sen. epist. 53,1; Lucan. 6,90; Stat. silv. 2,2,78). Im NO zwei ant. Molen. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa) Bibliography 1 L. Duchesne, Le Liber pontificalis, …

[English version] (Πιθηκοῦσσαι, lat. Pithecusa, Pithecusae). Vulkanische Insel vor der campanischen Küste, erstmals erwähnt bei Pherekydes FGrH 3 F 54 (Πιθηκοῦσσα; frühes 5. Jh.v.Chr.), h. Ischia. Nicht nach den dort angeblich lebenden Affen (πίθηκος/ píthēkos, “Affe”), sondern nach der auf der Insel ausgeübten Töpferei (πίθος/ píthos “Weinfaß”) benannt, wie Plin. nat. 3,82 klarstellt. Inarime, wie P. auch genannt wurde, ist auf eine Fehldeutung einer homer. Passage zurückzuführen: Typhoeus, der ‘bei den Arimoi’ (εἰν Ἀρίμοις) in Kilikia sein Lage…

[English version] (h. Alento). Fluß in Lucania, an dessen Mündung der allmählich versandende Ankerplatz von Elea lag (Strab. 6,1,1; Cic. Att. 16,7,5; [2]), wohl benannt nach einer einheimischen Gottheit [1]. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa) Bibliography 1 L. Ronconi, La ninfa Hyele, in: Atti e Memorie dell'Accademia Patavina 95, 1982/3, 65-72 2 G. Schmiedt, Contributo alla recostruzione della situazione geotopografica di Velia nell'antichità, in: PdP 25, 1970, 65-92. D. Musti, Le fonti per la storia di Velia, in: PdP 21, 1966, 318-335, bes. 321.

[English version] Statio der Via Minucia, nachmals Traiana, in Apulia (Hor. sat. 1,5,94; Plin. nat. 3,105: Rubustini; Itin. Anton. 116,4; Itin. Burdig. 610,1: civitas Rubos; Tab. Peut. 6,4; Geogr. Rav. 282,11), h. Ruvo di Puglia. Im 3. Jh. v. Chr. eigene Münzprägung (Silber- und Br.-Mz. HN 48: Ῥυψ, Ῥυβα, Ῥυβαστεινων). Neben griech. und messapischen [1] zahlreiche lat. Inschr., welche die Organisation der civitas des 1. Jh. v. Chr. erkennen lassen [2]; in der röm. Kaiserzeit war R. municipium (vgl. CIL IX 312). Bisher keine systematischen Grabungen; Zufallsfunde und Rau…

[English version] (Plistia, Πλειστική/ Pleistikḗ). Stadt in Samnium (Samnites) nahe Saticula (Liv. 9,21f.; Diod. 19,72,3), möglicherweise beim h. Prestia ca. 4 km östl. von Sant' Agata dei Goti am Mons Taburnus. Im 2. Samnitenkrieg (326-304 v.Chr.) wurde die mit Rom verbündete Stadt 315 v.Chr. von den Samnites nach einjähriger Belagerung erobert. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa)

[English version] Befestigte Stadt der Marsi [1], nicht lokalisiert, wurde 302 v.Chr. vom röm. Dictator M. Valerius Maximus (nach Liv. 10,3,5; weniger wahrscheinlich dessen Vater M. Valerius Corvus, wie aber die Acta Triumphalia CIL I2 p. 171 für 301 schreiben) nach einem Sieg über die Marsi wie auch die beiden benachbarten - ebenfalls nicht lokalisierten - Städte Milionia und Fresilia erobert und nach Vertragsabschluß wieder in die Freiheit entlassen. Gulletta, Maria Ida (Pisa)

[English version] (Μαρούιον). Vicus, später municipium in Mittelitalien am Lacus Fucinus mit Hafensiedlung am Aternus, h. S. Benedetto dei Marsi. Von sabellischen Marrubii oder Marsi bewohnt [2. 76], seit dem 2. Jh. v.Chr. Hauptort der umliegenden Siedlungen (Strab. 5,4,2; Sil. 8,510), wohlhabend (Plin. nat. 3,106). Für den ON hielt man verschiedene Etym. bereit [8]: das Meer (Serv. Aen. 7,750), einen eponymen Feldherrn (Cato bei Prisc. 2,487,10; Serv. Aen. 7,750; 10,388; Sil. 8,505), den Stammvater Marsia, der das Auguralwesen ( augures ) begründet hab…

[German version] [1] N. Alfaterna This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Villa | Coloniae | Etrusci, Etruria (Νουκρία/ Noukría, Νουκερία ἡ Ἀλφατέρνα/ Noukería hē Alphatérna, Latin Nuceria Alfaterna). Town in Campania on the upper reaches of the Sarnus (Pol. 3,91,4; Plin. HN 3,62; Itin. Anton. 109,3; 311,5; Tab. Peut. 6,5), where the pass road leads south-eastwards over a ridge of the Appennines north of Mons Lactarius to Salernum; modern Nocera. Foundation of the Pelasgi-Sarrastrae ([2; 8]; Conon FGrH 26 F …

This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Theatre | Villa | Coloniae | Etrusci, Etruria | Colonization | Natural catastrophes (Πομπεῖα/ Pompeîa, Πομπήια/ Pompḗia). [German version] I. Location and Population City in Campania at the foot of Vesuvius. P. was a major trading centre thanks to its ideal location at the mouth of the Sarnus (Str. 5,4,8; Plin. HN 3,62) and its rich diversity of valuable products, e.g. oil (oil mills, Cato Agr. 25,3), pumice, wine, garum (a fish sauce, Fish dishes (and seafood); Plin. HN 31,94). According to mythology, P. was founde…

[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Socii (Roman confederation) | Tribus | Christianity | Villa | Coloniae | Coloniae | Commerce | Regio, regiones | Athletes (Ποτίολοι/ Potíoloi; also Dicaearchia, Δικαιάρχεια/ Dikaiárcheia, Δικαιαρχία/ Dikaiarchía). Founded from Samos (Hegesander FHG 4, 421 fr. 44; Colonization, with map), the town of Dikaiárcheia, today Pozzuoli, derived its name from its mythical founder, Dicarcheus (Stat. Silv. 2,2,3; 3,1,92; 3,5,75; 5,3,169). Cyme [2] served it as a port (Str. 5,4,6). Occup…